The Historical Context of the Death Penalty in Croatia

Abstract

This article explores the historical development and abolition of the death penalty in Croatia, emphasizing its significance in the broader context of human rights and state power. Tracing its roots through the tumultuous periods of World Wars I and II, and particularly under the Yugoslavian socialist regime, the article highlights how autocratic practices led to widespread human rights violations and unexplained human losses. The abolishment of the death penalty in 1990, coinciding with Croatia’s independence and the adoption of a new constitution, marked a significant step towards protecting human life. This transition reflects global and European trends towards the abolition of capital punishment, as seen in Croatia’s ratification of relevant European protocols. The study underscores that merely enacting laws is insufficient without their fair implementation and respect for human rights, warning against the potential resurgence of the death penalty under adverse political influences. By understanding this historical context, we can better safeguard against future abuses of state power.